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Focus: Revisiting Kranzberg's Laws from Africa
Abstract:
This reflection reinterprets Kranzberg's second and fifth laws in light of recent developments in the history of technology in Africa. It argues that the field's shift from innovation-centered histories to histories of technology in use, together with growing attention to repair, maintenance, technological failure, and global perspectives, invites a broader understanding of Kranzberg's insights. Rather than rendering the laws obsolete, the essay shows that they continue to provide a productive framework for thinking about histories of technology in Africa and beyond. Read through these methodological and geographical shifts, the laws emerge not as universal formulations to be preserved unchanged but as propositions whose continuing value lies in their capacity for reinterpretation.
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