Comparative antidiabetic efficacy of Murraya koenigii extract and myricetin-derived copper nanoparticles
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Published on: August 10, 2021
Karishma Waghmare1, Guno Sindhu Chakraborthy2
1Faculty of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391760, India. karishmawaghmare8107@gmail.com.
Background:
Green synthesis of copper-containing nanoparticles (CuNPs) using plant-derived bioactive compounds is a promising approach for developing potential antidiabetic nanotherapeutics. However, the influence of purified phytochemicals, compared with crude plant extracts, on nanoparticle characteristics and antidiabetic efficacy requires further investigation.
Objective:
This study aimed to compare the physicochemical characteristics and antidiabetic efficacy of CuNPs synthesized using Murraya koenigii leaf extract and its isolated flavonoid, myricetin.
Methods:
Myricetin was isolated from M. Koenigii and identified and quantified using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), with UV-Visible spectrophotometry used for further characterization. The synthesized cunps were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential analysis, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Antidiabetic efficacy was evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Wistar rats over 21 days.
Results:
SEM analysis revealed apparent particle or agglomerate dimensions of 100-450 nm for M. Koenigii-derived cunps, whereas TEM showed predominantly spherical myricetin-derived CuNPs with dimensions of 22-51 nm. DLS analysis showed a hydrodynamic diameter of 237.0 nm and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.375 for myricetin-derived cunps, compared with a PDI of 0.454 for M. Koenigii-derived CuNPs. Myricetin-derived CuNPs exhibited a zeta potential of - 26.9 mv. After 21 days of treatment, the mean blood glucose level in the myricetin-derived CuNPs group decreased to 90.25 ± 6.88 mg/dl, compared with 110.68 mg/dl in the free-myricetin group, 119.25 mg/dl in the M. Koenigii-derived CuNPs group, 125.25 mg/dl in the M. Koenigii extract group, and 103.68 mg/dl in the glibenclamide-treated group.
Conclusion:
Myricetin-derived CuNPs demonstrated promising antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and exhibited a comparatively narrower particle-size distribution than M. Koenigii-derived CuNPs. These findings support further investigation of phytochemical-guided CuNPs synthesis for potential antidiabetic applications.
