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Teichoic acid synthesis in Bacillus stearothermophilus.

L D Kennedy

    The Biochemical Journal
    |March 1, 1974
    PubMed
    Summary

    Bacillus stearothermophilus enzymes synthesize poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid precursors. These enzymes attach glycerol phosphate units to existing chains, forming both 1,3 and 2,3 isomers depending on substrate availability.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Biochemistry
    • Polymer Synthesis

    Background:

    • Teichoic acids are essential cell wall components in Gram-positive bacteria.
    • Bacillus species are known producers of teichoic acids, crucial for cell structure and function.
    • Understanding the enzymatic synthesis of teichoic acid precursors is key to elucidating bacterial cell wall biosynthesis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the enzymatic synthesis of poly(glycerol phosphate) by particulate enzyme preparations from Bacillus stearothermophilus B65.
    • To characterize the structure and synthesis pathways of different poly(glycerol phosphate) isomers.
    • To determine the role of CDP-glycerol and UDP-glucose in the synthesis of teichoic acid precursors.

    Main Methods:

    • Enzymatic digestion of Bacillus stearothermophilus B65 with lysozyme to obtain particulate enzyme preparations.
    • In vitro synthesis of poly(glycerol phosphate) using CDP-glycerol and UDP-glucose as substrates.
    • Characterization of synthesized polymers via hydrolysis (acid, alkaline, HF), glucosylation with Bacillus subtilis enzymes, and periodate oxidation.

    Main Results:

    • Enzyme preparations synthesized 1,3-poly(glycerol phosphate) from CDP-glycerol.
    • Pulse-labeling confirmed the transfer of glycerol phosphate units to the polymer chain terminus, indicating an irreversible elongation process.
    • The presence of UDP-glucose led to the synthesis of 1-glucosyl-2,3-poly(glycerol phosphate) alongside the 1,3-isomer, with the ratio influenced by UDP-glucose concentration.

    Conclusions:

    • Bacillus stearothermophilus enzymes can synthesize poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid precursors.
    • The synthesis involves the transfer of glycerol phosphate units to an existing chain, with isomer formation dependent on substrate availability.
    • The study suggests a shared rate-limiting step in the synthetic pathways of the two poly(glycerol phosphate) species.

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