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Complement-mediated release of histamine from human leukocytes.

J A Grant, E Dupree, A S Goldman

    Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
    |March 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Complement activation generates a factor that releases histamine from human basophils. This process, involving the complement system, shares similarities with allergen-induced histamine release but occurs more rapidly.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Complement System Biology

    Background:

    • Basophils play a key role in allergic and non-allergic inflammatory responses.
    • Histamine release from basophils is a critical mediator in these responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the mechanism of histamine release induced by complement activation in human basophils.
    • To compare complement-mediated histamine release with allergen-mediated histamine release.

    Main Methods:

    • Activation of alternative and classical complement pathways using human serum.
    • Assay of histamine release from non-allergic and allergic human basophils.
    • Inhibition studies using heat, anti-C3, and anti-C5 antibodies.
    • Characterization of release pathways (temperature, divalent cations, theophylline).

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    Main Results:

    • Complement activation generated a factor that induced histamine release from human basophils.
    • Factor formation was linked to complement component C3 and C5 activity.
    • Both complement- and allergen-mediated histamine release are secretory, non-cytolytic pathways.
    • Complement-initiated histamine release was faster than allergen-initiated release.

    Conclusions:

    • A complement-derived factor mediates histamine release from human basophils.
    • Complement and allergen pathways share similarities but differ in kinetics.
    • Understanding these pathways is crucial for inflammatory and allergic disease research.