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Cerebrospinal fluid proteins in multiple sclerosis.

G Lamoureux, R Jolicoeur, N Giard

    Neurology
    |June 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cerebrospinal fluid protein changes in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients reveal elevated immunoglobulins and other proteins in active disease. Treatment and remission show a trend toward normalization of these markers.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroimmunology
    • Clinical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system.
    • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is crucial for MS diagnosis and monitoring disease activity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate alterations in various cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins in patients with definite multiple sclerosis (MS) across different disease stages.
    • To compare CSF protein profiles between MS patients and healthy controls.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of CSF protein levels, including total proteins, immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM), alpha-2 ceruloplasmin, 7S-gamma-1, and cytotoxic index.
    • Comparison of protein levels in 255 definite MS patients (various disease stages) with 174 healthy controls.
    • Evaluation of protein level changes during treatment with ACTH and/or steroids and during remission.

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    Main Results:

    • Acute MS patients exhibited significantly increased total proteins, gamma globulin, IgG, IgA, IgM, alpha-2 ceruloplasmin, 7S-gamma-1, and cytotoxic index.
    • Significant decreases were observed in pre-albumin, alpha-1, alpha-2 globulin classes, and the beta/gamma globulin ratio in acute MS.
    • CSF IgG, IgA, and IgM remained elevated in steroid-treated MS patients compared to controls, but often decreased during treatment or remission.

    Conclusions:

    • CSF protein profiles in MS patients show distinct changes related to disease activity, including elevations in immunoglobulins and inflammatory markers.
    • Treatment with ACTH and/or steroids, and remission, are associated with a normalization trend in several CSF protein levels.
    • These findings highlight the utility of CSF protein analysis in understanding MS pathophysiology and treatment response.