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A study of age-dependent changes in thyroid function tests in adults.

A Lipson, E L Nickoloff, T H Hsu

    Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
    |November 1, 1979
    PubMed
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    Thyroid hormone levels, including thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), show sex-specific age-related changes in healthy adults. These variations in T4, T3, TSH, and rT3 highlight the importance of considering both age and sex in thyroid function assessments.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Gerontology
    • Human Physiology

    Background:

    • Thyroid hormones regulate metabolism and are crucial for overall health.
    • Age and sex are known factors influencing endocrine function, but detailed hormonal changes across the lifespan require further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate age- and sex-related differences in key thyroid hormones and related parameters in a healthy adult population.
    • To provide a comprehensive dataset on serum thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), T3 resin uptake (T3U), thyrotrophin (TSH), and reverse T3 (rT3) across different age groups and sexes.

    Main Methods:

    • Cross-sectional study involving 209 healthy adults aged 20-89 years.
    • Measurement of total serum T4, T3, T3U, TSH, and rT3.
    • Statistical analysis to compare hormone levels between sexes and across different age decades.

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    Main Results:

    • Serum T4 was higher in pre-menopausal women than post-menopausal women. T3U was higher in males than females, with an increase in females after 60. TSH increased in females over 60.
    • Serum T3 declined with age in both sexes. Males had higher rT3 than females, with female rT3 decreasing after age 50.
    • Significant sex differences were observed in T4, T3U, TSH, and rT3 levels, with distinct age-related patterns.

    Conclusions:

    • Thyroid hormone profiles exhibit significant age- and sex-specific variations in healthy adults.
    • These observed differences may be attributed to sex-related changes in binding proteins and altered hormone metabolism.
    • Findings underscore the need for age- and sex-specific reference ranges for thyroid function tests.