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Related Experiment Videos

Cortical reflex myoclonus.

M Hallett, D Chadwick, C D Marsden

    Neurology
    |August 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study investigated intention and reflex-induced myoclonus in three patients. Findings suggest cortical origin and potential hyperactivity in the long-latency stretch reflex contribute to these involuntary muscle jerks.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Clinical Electrophysiology

    Background:

    • Myoclonus, characterized by involuntary muscle jerks, can be triggered by intention or sensory stimuli.
    • Understanding the neurophysiological basis of different myoclonus types is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

    Observation:

    • Electrophysiologic techniques were used to study three patients with intention and somatosensory-induced myoclonus.
    • Muscle jerks involved contiguous muscles with simultaneous agonist-antagonist activation (10-30 msec EMG burst).
    • Cranial nerve activation patterns suggested a descending signal pathway in the brainstem.

    Findings:

    • A consistent negative EEG transient from the contralateral sensorimotor cortex preceded action-induced myoclonic jerks.
    • This negative transient was identified as part of the sensory evoked potential in reflex-induced jerks.

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  • The study argues for a cerebral cortex mediation of this myoclonus type, with the transient representing a paroxysmal depolarization shift (PDS).

    • Implications:

    • The findings suggest that hyperactivity within the long-latency stretch reflex may underlie this specific type of myoclonus.
    • This research contributes to the understanding of cortical excitability disorders.
    • Further investigation into the role of cortical circuits in myoclonus is warranted.