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[Formaldehyde in hair shampoos].

K Bork, D Heise, A Rosinus

    Dermatosen in Beruf Und Umwelt. Occupation and Environment
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Formaldehyde in hair shampoos can cause allergic contact dermatitis, though it is rare due to dilution and short application time. Patients with existing formaldehyde sensitivity should use formaldehyde-free shampoos.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Cosmetic Science
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing substances are common preservatives in Western German hair shampoos, particularly in lower-priced products.
    • Other preservatives like PHB-esters, mercury compounds, and bromine compounds are also utilized in cosmetic formulations.

    Observation:

    • A case study involved a 15-year-old patient who developed allergic contact dermatitis attributed to formaldehyde in a hair shampoo.
    • Despite widespread exposure opportunities, allergic contact dermatitis from hair shampoos is infrequently reported.

    Findings:

    • The rarity of formaldehyde-induced shampoo dermatitis is likely due to short application duration, low concentrations from high dilution, and potentially reduced scalp reactivity.
    • Only two of thirty-one patients with established professional formaldehyde sensitivity reported shampoo-related dermatitis, typically in the orbital region.

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    Implications:

    • Individuals with pre-existing formaldehyde sensitivity, especially from occupational exposure, are at higher risk for developing allergic contact dermatitis from formaldehyde in shampoos.
    • Recommending formaldehyde-free hair shampoos is advised for sensitive individuals.
    • Mandatory formaldehyde declaration in cosmetics, effective in Germany in 1979, aids consumers in identifying formaldehyde-free alternatives.