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Feeding polyunsaturated vegetable oils to lactating cows.

H K Goering, T R Wrenn, L F Edmondson

    Journal of Dairy Science
    |May 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Protecting dietary oils from ruminal hydrogenation significantly increased milk linoleic acid (18:2) and other fatty acids. This demonstrates that encapsulation protects oils, enhancing their absorption and altering milk fat composition in Holstein cows.

    Area of Science:

    • Animal Science
    • Dairy Nutrition
    • Ruminant Metabolism

    Background:

    • Dietary fatty acids influence milk fat composition.
    • Ruminants can hydrogenate unsaturated fatty acids in the rumen, limiting their direct transfer to milk.
    • Encapsulation techniques aim to bypass ruminal degradation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the effect of protected versus unprotected soybean and cottonseed oils on milk fatty acid profiles in Holstein cows.
    • To determine if encapsulation prevents ruminal hydrogenation of supplemental oils.

    Main Methods:

    • Holstein cows were fed concentrate:hay diets supplemented with unprotected or encapsulated soybean oil or cottonseed oil for 14 days.
    • Supplements provided 225 g/day of linoleic acid (18:2).

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  • Milk and fecal fatty acid compositions were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • Protected oils significantly increased milk linoleic acid (18:2) from 2.3% to 5.7% of total milk fat.
    • Milk content of 18:0 and 18:1 also increased, with compensatory declines in 16:0 and 14:0.
    • Fecal analysis showed decreased 18:2 and increased 18:0, indicating reduced hydrogenation or altered absorption.

    Conclusions:

    • Encapsulation effectively protects dietary oils from ruminal hydrogenation.
    • Protected oils can alter milk fatty acid profiles, increasing beneficial unsaturated fatty acids.
    • These findings have implications for manipulating milk fat composition through targeted dietary supplementation.