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Leukemic (or stage V) lymphosarcoma.

G Mathé, J L Misset, M Gil-Delgado

    Recent Results in Cancer Research. Fortschritte Der Krebsforschung. Progres Dans Les Recherches Sur Le Cancer
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study examines lymphosarcoma (LS) with leukemic conversion, differentiating between secondary and "d'emblée" forms. Early detection methods and prognosis vary by LS subtype, with some showing long-term remission potential.

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Oncology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Lymphosarcoma (LS) can transform into a leukemic state, presenting diagnostic and prognostic challenges.
    • Understanding the different subtypes and their progression is crucial for effective treatment strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the characteristics, leukemic conversion rates, and prognoses of various lymphosarcoma subtypes.
    • To identify potential transitional conditions between lymphosarcoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
    • To propose early detection methods for leukemic lymphosarcoma.

    Main Methods:

    • Case study analysis of 24 secondarily leukemic LS, 31 "d'emblée" leukemic LS, and 10 transitional lymphoid leukemic neoplasias.
    • Classification of LS subtypes based on WHO criteria (prolymphocytic, lymphoblastic, immunoblastic).

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  • Utilized cell surface markers for classification and evaluated treatment responses and remission durations.

    • Main Results:

    • Secondary leukemic conversion occurred in 40% of lymphoblastic, 14% of prolymphocytic, and 17% of immunoblastic LS, predominantly after stage I.
    • Mediastinal involvement was most common in lymphoblastic LS.
    • Prognosis varied, with lymphoblastic and prolymphocytic LS showing better outcomes after acute lymphoid leukemia treatment than immunoblastic LS. Long-term remissions were observed in some cases.
    • "d'emblée" leukemic LS had a less favorable prognosis compared to acute lymphoid leukemia, though some patients achieved long remissions.
    • Transitional cases showed sensitivity to chronic lymphocytic leukemia treatment, suggesting a spectrum of lymphoid malignancies.

    Conclusions:

    • Early detection of leukemic lymphosarcoma is vital, with proposed methods including peripheral blood cell concentration and immune marker analysis.
    • Prognosis and treatment response are subtype-dependent, highlighting the need for tailored therapeutic approaches.
    • The study suggests potential transitional states between lymphosarcoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, expanding the understanding of lymphoid neoplasms.