The unwanted ocular effects from topical ophthalmic drugs. Their occurrence, avoidance and reversal

Unwanted effects may occur when drugs are applied topically on the eye or when they are administered by other routes. The unwanted effects may be ocular, systemic or both. This paper discusses unwanted ocular effects which may arise when certain optometric drugs are applied directly on the eye. Among the effects described are allergic reactions, infections, pigmentary changes, and the production of aqueous "floaters." Changes in intraocular pressure and appropriate first aid measures to counter an acute rise in IOP are also discussed. Not discussed are the adverse ocular effects which are associated with topical application of the potent anticholinesterases nor those which can arise when certain drugs e.g. corticosteroids are applied to the eye for therapeutic purposes.