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Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

A M Macher

    American Family Physician
    |December 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A newly identified retrovirus, human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III), is the likely cause of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This virus targets T-helper lymphocytes, leading to severe immune suppression and opportunistic infections.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Immunology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a severe condition characterized by profound immune suppression.
    • The causative agent of AIDS remained elusive until the identification of a specific retrovirus.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify the retrovirus responsible for AIDS.
    • To understand the mechanism by which the identified virus causes immunodeficiency.

    Main Methods:

    • Retroviral isolation from patients diagnosed with AIDS and pre-AIDS syndrome.
    • Analysis of viral effects on lymphocyte populations, specifically T-helper cells.

    Main Results:

    • A retrovirus, designated human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III), was successfully recovered from affected individuals.

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  • HTLV-III was observed to attack and suppress T-helper lymphocytes, a critical component of the immune system.
  • This viral-induced immunosuppression renders patients susceptible to opportunistic infections and neoplasms.

    • Conclusions:

    • HTLV-III is identified as the causative agent of AIDS.
    • The virus's mechanism of action involves the destruction of T-helper lymphocytes, leading to immune collapse.
    • Opportunistic infections, such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and cytomegalovirus infections, are common complications in AIDS patients due to immune deficiency.