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Rhinitis medicamentosa.

R J Toohill, R H Lehman, T W Grossman

    The Laryngoscope
    |October 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Rhinitis medicamentosa, often caused by decongestant nasal sprays and drops, affects patients using these medications long-term. Management involves avoiding the offending agent and treating underlying causes like deviated septums.

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    Area of Science:

    • Otolaryngology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Rhinitis medicamentosa is a condition characterized by chronic rhinitis due to prolonged use of topical nasal decongestants.
    • This study reviews cases diagnosed over a decade within an otolaryngological practice.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the incidence, patient demographics, causal medications, and reasons for self-medication in rhinitis medicamentosa.
    • To review the pharmacologic properties of offending agents and their relation to disease pathogenesis.
    • To discuss initial and later management strategies and potential complications.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of 130 patients diagnosed with rhinitis medicamentosa between July 1967 and June 1977.
    • Analysis of patient records for medication history, reasons for use, and treatment outcomes.

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  • Review of pharmacological properties of commonly used nasal decongestants.

    • Main Results:

    • 130 cases diagnosed over 10 years, with an incidence of 1% in the practice.
    • Average duration of causal medication use was 21.4 months.
    • Decongestant nasal sprays were the primary cause (85 patients), followed by drops (33 patients).
    • Common reasons for self-medication included deviated nasal septum (40), acute upper respiratory infection (33), and allergies (18).
    • Eight patients developed complications like chronic ethmoiditis and nasal polyposis.

    Conclusions:

    • Topical nasal decongestants, readily available and of limited long-term clinical value, pose a risk for developing rhinitis medicamentosa.
    • Management requires avoidance of the offending medication, treatment of underlying nasal conditions, and supportive care.
    • Understanding the pharmacologic properties is crucial for preventing and managing this condition.