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Primary peritonitis in children.

S Sen, M K Lalitha, A S Fenn

Annals of Tropical Paediatrics

|June 1, 1983

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study on pediatric peritonitis found Gram-positive bacteria, particularly pneumococcus in girls, are common causes. Early diagnosis via Gram staining and antibiotic treatment significantly improved outcomes, reducing morbidity and mortality.

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Gastroenterology
Microbiology

Background:

Primary peritonitis in children, though rare, presents with sudden onset symptoms like fever, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
While often affecting previously healthy children, underlying conditions like nephrotic syndrome can be present.
Recent trends show pneumococcal peritonitis is the most common type in young girls.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the causative organisms and clinical presentation of primary peritonitis in children.
To evaluate the efficacy of pre-operative Gram's staining for diagnosis.
To assess the impact of early antibiotic treatment and surgical intervention on patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

A retrospective study of 31 children diagnosed with primary peritonitis.

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Analysis of demographic data, clinical symptoms, causative organisms (identified via Gram staining of peritoneal aspirate or vaginal swab), and treatment protocols.

Comparison of outcomes based on treatment delay and diagnostic methods.

Main Results:

The predominant causative organism was Gram-positive, with Streptococcus pneumoniae in girls and Staphylococcus in boys.
Children aged 4-10 years were most commonly affected, presenting with acute symptoms.
Early diagnosis using Gram's staining allowed for prompt antibiotic treatment, with delayed treatment (over one week) correlating with higher morbidity and mortality.

Conclusions:

Gram-positive bacteria are the primary cause of pediatric peritonitis, with distinct patterns in boys and girls.
Pre-operative Gram's staining is a valuable tool for rapid diagnosis, guiding timely and appropriate antibiotic therapy.
Minimizing treatment delay is crucial for improving outcomes in pediatric primary peritonitis, reducing complications and mortality.