Primary cutaneous aspergillosis in a leukemic child

Area of Science:

• Mycology
• Dermatology
• Pediatric Oncology

Background:

• Primary cutaneous aspergillosis is an uncommon opportunistic infection.
• Leukemia treatment can compromise a patient's immune system, increasing infection risk.

Observation:

• A child with leukemia developed a primary skin infection with Aspergillus flavus.
• Lesions presented as erythematous macules/papules, progressing to ulcers with black eschars.
• Symptoms included pain and itching at the affected sites.

Findings:

• The infection was caused by Aspergillus flavus.
• Topical nystatin therapy resulted in a favorable clinical response.
• Lesion development suggested primary inoculation and local lymphatic spread.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of recognizing rare fungal infections in immunocompromised children.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate antifungal therapy are crucial for managing cutaneous aspergillosis.
• Understanding the route of infection can inform preventative strategies in vulnerable patients.