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Bacillus subtilis deoxyribonucleic acid gyrase.

A Sugino, K F Bott

    Journal of Bacteriology
    |March 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Bacillus subtilis DNA gyrase closely resembles enzymes from E. coli and M. luteus, showing high specificity in DNA binding and cutting sites. Antibiotic-resistant mutants revealed genetic loci coding for functional gyrase components.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Enzymology

    Background:

    • Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) gyrase is a crucial enzyme involved in DNA replication and transcription.
    • Understanding DNA gyrase function and regulation is essential for developing new antimicrobial agents.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the DNA gyrase from Bacillus subtilis 168.
    • To compare its properties with DNA gyrases from other bacterial species.
    • To investigate the genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in B. subtilis DNA gyrase.

    Main Methods:

    • Purification of DNA gyrase from wild-type and mutant strains of B. subtilis.
    • In vitro functional characterization of the purified enzyme.
    • Analysis of antibiotic resistance profiles and associated genetic loci.

    Main Results:

    • Bacillus subtilis DNA gyrase exhibits enzymatic requirements, substrate specificity, and antibiotic sensitivity similar to enzymes from Escherichia coli and Micrococcus luteus.
    • The genetic loci nalA and novA were identified as coding for functional gyrase components, while novB did not.
    • Enzymes isolated from antibiotic-resistant mutants displayed resistance to the respective drugs in vitro.
    • A striking similarity was observed in oxolinic acid-induced DNA cleavage, indicating highly specific DNA binding sites for gyrase across different bacterial sources.

    Conclusions:

    • Bacillus subtilis DNA gyrase is highly conserved and shares significant functional and structural similarities with orthologs from other bacteria.
    • The study elucidates the genetic basis of nalidixic acid and novobiocin resistance in B. subtilis.
    • Gyrase binding to DNA is a highly specific process, irrespective of the bacterial origin or DNA type.

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