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The gap junctional channel.

J D Pitts, M E Finbow, T E Buultjens

    The Tokai Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
    |January 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Animal tissues utilize distinct intercellular communication pathways, including gap junctions. Retinoic acid

    Area of Science:

    • Cell biology
    • Molecular biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Animal tissues exhibit two primary intercellular communication methods: extracellular and intracellular.
    • Intracellular communication relies on gap junctions, specialized protein channels connecting adjacent cell cytoplasms.
    • These channels facilitate the free passage of small ions and molecules between coupled cells.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the structural protein forming gap junctional channels.
    • To investigate the effect of retinoic acid on gap junctional communication.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation and characterization of the gap junctional channel's structural protein.
    • Analysis of protein subunits and pore structure.
    • Experimental addition of retinoic acid to cells to observe effects on junctional channels.

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    Main Results:

    • The structural protein of the gap junctional channel has an apparent molecular weight of 16,000 and forms multimeric structures.
    • Six protein subunits assemble to form the central aqueous pore within the membrane.
    • Retinoic acid addition was observed to close the junctional channels.

    Conclusions:

    • The structural and functional properties of gap junctional channels have been elucidated.
    • Retinoic acid's ability to close these channels provides a potential explanation for its diverse biological activities.
    • This finding highlights the role of gap junctional communication in mediating cellular responses to retinoic acid.