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Peripheral facial palsy and coincidental cytomegalovirus infection or reactivation
Abstract:
Following the fortuitous demonstration of anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgM antibodies in serum samples from 2 patients with acute peripheral facial palsy (APFP), a systematic study was initiated which provided serological evidence of a coincidental CMV multiplication in 72% of 65 consecutive cases with APFP. Transmission electron microscopy has revealed Herpetoviridae-like virus particles in 56% of urine samples studied. A reactivation of latent CMV at the time of palsy onset is considered the most probable explanation of these findings.
Insights
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is linked to acute peripheral facial palsy (APFP). Studies show CMV multiplication in 72% of APFP cases, suggesting reactivation of latent CMV may cause facial nerve inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Neurology
- Immunology
Background:
- Acute peripheral facial palsy (APFP) is a common neurological condition.
- The etiology of APFP remains largely unknown in many cases.
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus with potential neurotropic effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential association between Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and acute peripheral facial palsy (APFP).
- To determine the prevalence of active CMV infection in patients presenting with APFP.
Main Methods:
- Serological testing for anti-CMV IgM antibodies in patients with APFP.
- Analysis of urine samples using transmission electron microscopy for viral particles.
- Correlation of serological findings with clinical presentation and diagnosis.
Main Results:
- Anti-CMV IgM antibodies were detected in serum samples from patients with APFP.
- Serological evidence of CMV multiplication was found in 72% of 65 consecutive APFP cases.
- Herpetoviridae-like virus particles were identified in 56% of studied urine samples.
Conclusions:
- The findings provide serological evidence supporting a link between CMV infection and APFP.
- Reactivation of latent CMV is considered the most probable cause of APFP in these cases.
- CMV should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute peripheral facial palsy.