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[Characteristics of the immune system in children with diabetes mellitus]
Insights
Children with diabetes mellitus exhibit immune system dysfunction and reduced pancreatic function. Immunological tests can identify insulin resistance and guide therapy in pediatric diabetes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Immunology
- Metabolic Disorders
Context:
- Diabetes mellitus in children presents complex challenges affecting multiple body systems.
- Clinicometabolic decompensation in pediatric diabetes is associated with significant immunological alterations.
- Understanding the interplay between the immune system and pancreatic function is crucial for effective management.
Purpose:
- To investigate the immunological status in children with diabetes mellitus during clinicometabolic decompensation.
- To assess the functional capacity of the pancreatic insular apparatus using IRI and C-peptide levels.
- To correlate immunological findings with disease severity and therapeutic interventions.
Summary:
- Research involving 115 children (3-14 years) with diabetes mellitus and 30 controls revealed immune system dysfunction in affected children.
- Key findings include dysimmunoglobulinemia (elevated IgA, reduced IgG), T-cell deficiency, increased B-lymphocytes, and diminished non-specific defense factors.
- Pancreatic insular apparatus function was reduced, as indicated by IRI and C-peptide data, correlating with disease severity and insulin therapy.
Impact:
- Immunological testing aids in detecting immune-type insulin resistance, enabling targeted therapeutic strategies.
- Exogenous insulin administration influences B-lymphocyte activity, highlighting a direct link between treatment and immune response.
- These findings underscore the importance of a holistic approach to managing pediatric diabetes, considering both metabolic and immunological aspects.
Abstract:
The clinical and laboratory research into the immunological status of children with diabetes mellitus in the stage of clinicometabolic decompensation and investigation of the function of the insular apparatus of the pancreas according to the IRI and C-peptide data were carried out in 115 children aged 3 to 14 years with diabetes mellitus and 30 normal children. The data obtained indicate dysfunction of the immunogenesis system in children with diabetes mellitus and reduction of the functional potentialities of the insular apparatus of the pancreas. The immunological status of children with diabetes mellitus was characterized by dysimmunoglobulinemia at the expense of elevation of the IgA and reduction of IgG levels, deficiency of T cells and decrease in their function, elevation of the B lymphocyte level, reduction in non-specific defence factors. The degree of the abnormalities cited was in agreement with the standing and degree of pathological process, the levels of IRI and C-peptide, and insulin therapy. The immunological tests are helpful in the detection of insulin resistance of the immune type and in administering appropriate therapy. Insulin administered exogenously stimulates the B-lymphocyte component of the immunopoiesis.