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Evolution of membrane bioenergetics.

T H Wilson, E C Lin

    Journal of Supramolecular Structure
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Primitive cells evolved proton and sodium transport systems to regulate volume and harness energy. These systems paved the way for ATP synthesis, nutrient transport, and eventually complex processes like photosynthesis and respiration.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cellular Biology
    • Biochemistry
    • Evolutionary Biology

    Background:

    • Primitive cells faced challenges with volume regulation due to ion and water influx.
    • Maintaining internal osmotic pressure was crucial for cell survival and preventing lysis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose the evolutionary pathway of cellular energy and transport systems.
    • To explain the development of proton gradients and their subsequent utilization for cellular functions.

    Main Methods:

    • The study is theoretical, proposing an evolutionary model based on existing biological knowledge.
    • It traces the development of key membrane transport systems and energy-generating mechanisms.

    Main Results:

    • Early cells developed ATP-driven proton extrusion and a proton-sodium exchange carrier for volume regulation.

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  • The evolution progressed to proton gradients powering nutrient cotransport, ATP synthesis, and motility.
  • Further developments included vectorial phosphorylation, redox proton pumps, and ultimately photosynthesis and respiration.

    • Conclusions:

    • The proton economy of membrane energetics is a conserved mechanism across diverse life forms.
    • The evolution of these systems was critical for cellular survival, energy production, and the development of complex life.
    • Sodium gradients also play a significant role, particularly in animal cells, for various physiological processes.