Onychomycosis (trichophyton mentagrophytes). A scanning electron microscopic observation

Area of Science:

• Mycology
• Dermatology
• Microscopy

Background:

• Nail infections by dermatophytes are common.
• Understanding fungal invasion patterns is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the spatial arrangement of dermatophytes within human nails.
• To compare the efficacy of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with light microscopy for visualizing fungal invasion.

Main Methods:

• Nails from four patients with dermatophyte infections were examined.
• Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for detailed structural analysis.
• Light microscopy (bright field and Nomarski interference contrast) was employed for confirmation.

Main Results:

• Fungal hyphae were detected in all four patient nails using SEM.
• Detailed SEM analysis of a Trichophyton mentagrophytes infected toenail showed fungal structures.
• SEM provided superior three-dimensional information on hyphal invasion compared to light microscopy.
• Tunnel-like holes were observed in nail sections, indicating fungal activity.

Conclusions:

• SEM offers significant advantages for visualizing the three-dimensional behavior of dermatophytes in nail infections.
• SEM provides a more comprehensive understanding of fungal invasion morphology within the nail plate.