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Abstract:
The effect of administration of large amounts of zinc on immune response and serum lipoproteins was examined. Eleven healthy adult men ingested 150 mg of elemental zinc twice a day for six weeks. This was associated with a reduction in lymphocyte stimulation response to phytohemagglutinin as well as chemotaxis and phagocytosis of bacteria by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Serum high-density lipoprotein concentration decreased significantly and low-density lipoprotein level increased slightly. The common food fad of zinc supplementation with resultant excessive intake could have deleterious effects in healthy persons.
Insights
Excessive zinc supplementation can impair immune function and alter blood lipid levels. High zinc intake in healthy men reduced immune cell activity and negatively affected high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Area of Science:
- Nutrition Science
- Immunology
- Cardiovascular Health
Background:
- Zinc is an essential trace mineral vital for numerous physiological processes.
- Dietary zinc intake is often supplemented, with some individuals consuming excessive amounts.
- The impact of high-dose zinc on immune response and lipid profiles requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of high-dose elemental zinc on immune system parameters.
- To examine the influence of excessive zinc intake on serum lipoprotein concentrations.
- To assess potential adverse health consequences of zinc supplementation fads.
Main Methods:
- Eleven healthy adult males participated in the study.
- Participants ingested 150 mg of elemental zinc twice daily for six weeks.
- Immune cell function (lymphocyte stimulation, neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis) and serum lipid levels were measured.
Main Results:
- A significant reduction was observed in lymphocyte stimulation response to phytohemagglutinin.
- Impaired neutrophil function, including chemotaxis and phagocytosis, was noted.
- Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol decreased significantly, while low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol showed a slight increase.
Conclusions:
- Excessive zinc intake can suppress cellular immune responses in healthy individuals.
- High-dose zinc supplementation negatively impacts serum lipoprotein profiles, potentially increasing cardiovascular risk.
- Common dietary practices of excessive zinc supplementation may pose health risks.