Herpes simplex virus and acute temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome

Although the TMJ or myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome is probably not brought about by any single etiologic agent, the findings discussed here offer strong evidence that the primary disease is a form of cranial polyneuritis similar in onset, duration, and natural course to acute facial paralysis. These findings of sensory neuritis with secondary neuromuscular dysfunction leave no question unanswered, whereas the classic concept that has evolved through the years into the pain-dysfunction syndrome cannot adequately explain the myriad of signs and symptoms found in this condition. By removing the psychophysiologic (functional) label and recognizing the organic nature of this self-limiting disease, we should now be able to consolidate the many different modes of therapy that are effective in treating patients with the acute TMJ pain-dysfunction syndrome.