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Peripheral circulatory responses to acute hyperoxia.

J L Plewes, L E Farhi

    Undersea Biomedical Research
    |June 1, 1983
    PubMed
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    Breathing pure oxygen (hyperoxia) in dogs decreased cardiac output by 14%, affecting blood flow to organs like the kidneys and brain. This physiological response had minimal impact on nitrogen gas elimination.

    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Cardiovascular Research
    • Respiratory Physiology

    Background:

    • Hyperoxia, the administration of supplemental oxygen, can alter physiological functions.
    • Understanding the cardiovascular and regional blood flow effects of acute hyperoxia is crucial for clinical applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of acute hyperoxia on cardiac output and peripheral blood flow distribution in anesthetized dogs.
    • To assess the influence of these hemodynamic changes on nitrogen gas elimination patterns.

    Main Methods:

    • Anesthetized dogs were exposed to acute hyperoxia (1 atm).
    • Cardiac output, heart rate, and stroke volume were measured.
    • Regional blood flow was quantified using radioactive labeled microspheres.

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  • A digital computer model simulated nitrogen gas elimination.

    • Main Results:

    • Acute hyperoxia caused a 14% decrease in cardiac output, with 7% reductions in heart rate and stroke volume.
    • Significant decreases in blood flow were observed in the renal cortex (-20%) and retina (-27%).
    • Blood flow to the brain (caudate nucleus, mesencephalon, hippocampus, cerebellum) also decreased, while visceral, muscle, and fat blood flow remained unchanged.
    • Computer modeling indicated minimal changes in nitrogen elimination patterns.

    Conclusions:

    • Acute hyperoxia significantly alters cardiac output and regional blood flow distribution in dogs, with notable reductions in flow to specific organs.
    • Despite these hemodynamic shifts, the impact on overall nitrogen gas elimination appears to be minimal within the studied timeframe.