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Related Experiment Videos

Schirmer's test. A closer look.

T E Clinch, D A Benedetto, N T Felberg

    Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
    |September 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Schirmer

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology and Vision Science
    • Tear Film Dynamics
    • Ocular Surface Physiology

    Background:

    • The Schirmer's test is a common method for assessing tear production.
    • Understanding reflex vs. basal tear secretion is crucial for diagnosing dry eye disease.
    • Previous studies have suggested reflex tearing influences Schirmer's test results.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the kinetics of tear secretion during the Schirmer's test.
    • To determine the extent to which topical anesthesia can suppress reflex tearing during the test.
    • To evaluate if the Schirmer's test, even with anesthesia, can isolate basal tear secretion.

    Main Methods:

    • Kinetics studies were performed on 50 normal subjects undergoing the Schirmer's test.

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  • Topical anesthesia (0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride) was administered to assess its effect on tear secretion.
  • Tear wetting patterns were analyzed to differentiate between rapid and progressive phases of secretion.

    • Main Results:

    • Schirmer's test demonstrated nonlinear wetting kinetics, characterized by an initial rapid phase followed by a slower rate.
    • The initial rapid wetting phase was attributed to reflex tear secretion.
    • Topical anesthesia partially inhibited, but did not fully abolish, the reflex tearing response in most subjects.

    Conclusions:

    • The Schirmer's test, even with topical anesthesia, is influenced by reflex tearing.
    • The test may not accurately measure a purely basal tear secretion independent of reflex components.
    • Further refinement of methods may be needed to distinguish between reflex and basal tear production.