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Related Experiment Videos

Substrates for cold thermogenesis in thyrotoxic dogs.

Y Minaire, J Forichon, A Fréminet

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |September 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Thyrotoxicosis impacts energy supply during cold. In cold conditions, thyroxine (T4) treatment increases hepatic alanine conversion to glucose, despite reduced muscle alanine delivery, influencing overall energy metabolism.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Metabolic Physiology
    • Environmental Physiology

    Background:

    • Thyrotoxicosis, a condition of excess thyroid hormones, significantly alters metabolic rate.
    • Cold exposure is a potent physiological stressor that increases energy demands.
    • Understanding the interplay between thyrotoxicosis and cold adaptation is crucial for metabolic health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of chronic thyroxine (T4) treatment on energy metabolism in dogs during cold exposure.
    • To elucidate the specific pathways of energy substrate utilization under combined thyrotoxicosis and cold stress.

    Main Methods:

    • Normal and thyroxine-treated dogs were exposed to neutral (+25°C) and cold (-21°C) ambient temperatures.
    • Metabolic parameters including oxygen consumption (VO2), glucose turnover, and plasma concentrations of substrates like 3-hydroxybutyrate and alanine were measured.

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  • Hepatic and muscular substrate handling was assessed through turnover and clearance rates.

    • Main Results:

    • At neutral temperatures, T4 treatment increased VO2, glucose turnover, and plasma 3-hydroxybutyrate, with a greater reliance on alanine for glucose production.
    • In the cold, T4 did not significantly alter VO2 or glucose turnover but markedly increased plasma 3-hydroxybutyrate, alanine clearance, and hepatic conversion of alanine to glucose.
    • These changes occurred despite reduced alanine release from muscles.

    Conclusions:

    • Thyrotoxicosis exacerbates metabolic challenges during cold exposure.
    • The primary impact of thyrotoxicosis in the cold appears to be enhanced hepatic gluconeogenesis from alanine, compensating for altered substrate availability.
    • This suggests a complex adaptation of energy supply mechanisms under combined hormonal and environmental stress.