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[Clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics of cefpiramide in children]
Insights
Cefpiramide (CPM) effectively treated bacterial infections in children, showing excellent or good results in most patients. Adverse effects were generally mild, with vascular pain and gastrointestinal issues being most common.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
Context:
- Febrile pediatric patients with various bacterial infections were studied.
- Cefpiramide (CPM) is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of cefpiramide in treating bacterial infections in children.
- To assess the pharmacokinetic profile of cefpiramide in pediatric patients.
Summary:
- Thirty-six febrile children received cefpiramide (75 mg/kg/day) for 3-11 days.
- Excellent or good clinical outcomes were observed in 22 out of 26 patients with documented bacterial infections.
- Adverse reactions included vascular pain (4/36), diarrhea (3/36), and eosinophilia (3/36).
- Pharmacokinetic studies showed dose-dependent serum levels and half-lives, with prolonged half-life in a patient with liver dysfunction.
Impact:
- Cefpiramide demonstrates favorable efficacy and a manageable safety profile for pediatric bacterial infections.
- Understanding cefpiramide pharmacokinetics aids in optimizing pediatric dosing regimens.
- This study contributes to the evidence base for using cefpiramide in pediatric infectious disease management.
Abstract:
Thirty-six febrile patients were administered cefpiramide (CPM) of 20 approximately 75 mg/kg/day for 3 approximately 11 days, and the clinical and side effects were evaluated. Among children with bacterial infections, including pneumonia, urinary tract infection, sepsis, pharyngitis and bronchitis, the results were excellent in 9, good in 13, and fair in 3 patients. Out of 36 patients, adverse reactions were observed in 9 cases, i.e. vascular pain at one shot intravenous injection in 4, diarrhea in 2, eosinophilia in 2, and diarrhea and eosinophilia in 1 case. One shot intravenous administration of CPM of 10 mg/kg to 4 patients yielded mean serum level of 100 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes and mean serum half-life of 2.5 hours, and administration of 20 mg/kg to 3 patients yielded mean serum level of 200 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes and mean serum half-life of 3.5 hours. The half-life in 1 patient with slight liver lesion was 5.36 hours. The rates of urinary recovery within 8 approximately 12 hours were 7.2 to 28.0% in 5 patients, 45.1% in a patient with nephrotic syndrome, and 50.9% in a patient with slight liver lesion.