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[The autoinoculation test. False-positive reactions caused by herpes simplex virus]
Summary
The autoinoculation test for suspected chancroid is not recommended. It lacks specificity and can trigger recurrent herpes simplex virus infections at the inoculation site.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
Context:
- Genital ulcerations are common clinical presentations.
- The autoinoculation test has been historically used for diagnosing chancroid.
- Distinguishing between different causes of genital ulcers can be challenging.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the diagnostic utility and potential complications of the autoinoculation test for suspected chancroid.
- To determine the association between positive autoinoculation test results and the presence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2).
Summary:
- A study involving 13 patients with suspected chancroid evaluated the autoinoculation test.
- Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) was detected in primary lesions of 4 patients and at the inoculation site in 2.
- One patient experienced recurrent herpes at the inoculation site, and three others developed recurrent genital herpes later, indicating low specificity and risk.
Impact:
- The autoinoculation test is not a reliable diagnostic method for chancroid due to its low specificity.
- Performing the autoinoculation test carries a risk of inducing or exacerbating herpes simplex virus infections.
- Alternative diagnostic approaches are needed for genital ulcerations to avoid unnecessary complications.