An epidemiologic study of gypsy moth rash

Area of Science:

• Environmental Health
• Epidemiology
• Dermatology

Background:

• Gypsy moth (GM) infestations in the Northeastern United States have been associated with public health concerns, including widespread itchy skin rashes.
• These outbreaks caused considerable public annoyance, necessitating an investigation into the causal factors and risk associations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between gypsy moth caterpillar exposure and the occurrence of skin rashes.
• To quantify the risk of rash in areas with high versus minimal gypsy moth infestation.

Main Methods:

• A telephone survey was conducted in the spring of 1982 in two communities: one highly infested (HI) and one minimally infested (LO) with gypsy moth caterpillars.
• Data were collected from 1,000 individuals regarding rash occurrence, history of previous rashes, direct contact with caterpillars, hay fever, and other environmental factors.

Main Results:

• The one-week risk of rash was 10.4% in the HI area compared to 1.6% in the LO area, yielding a risk ratio (RR) of 6.5.
• A history of rash in the previous year and direct caterpillar contact significantly increased rash risk, with a combined additive effect.
• Hay fever and hanging laundry outdoors were also associated with rash occurrence, while other allergies and insecticide use were not.

Conclusions:

• Gypsy moth caterpillar exposure is a significant risk factor for developing itchy skin rashes.
• Preventive measures and public awareness are crucial in areas experiencing heavy gypsy moth infestations to mitigate health impacts.