[Toxicity of hydroxyquinoline derivatives]

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Toxicology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Enteroquin, a compound of broxyquinoline and broxaldine (5:1 ratio), is used for oral administration.
• Understanding its toxicological profile is crucial for assessing safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the 90-day oral toxicity of enteroquin in dogs.
• To identify dose-dependent toxic manifestations and pathological changes.

Main Methods:

• Dogs were administered enteroquin orally at daily doses of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg for 90 days.
• Clinical observations, body weight, and clinical pathology were monitored.
• Pathohistological examination of tissues was performed.

Main Results:

• Toxic effects observed after day 15 included leukopenia, neutropenia, and lymphocytosis at the 0.2 mg/kg dose.
• Appetite decrease, CNS depression, paralysis, arrhythmia, weight loss, and proteinuria were noted.
• Pathohistology revealed necrobiotic changes in the medulla oblongata and kidneys, toxic liver dystrophy, and vascular injuries.
• Mortality rates were 25% at 0.1 mg/kg and 50% at 0.2 mg/kg.

Conclusions:

• Enteroquin exhibits significant toxicity in dogs, with dose-dependent effects.
• Observed toxic changes, including organ damage and mortality, suggest a species-specific reaction to the compound.