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Depression, problem recognition, and professional consultation.

P A Yokopenic, V A Clark, C S Aneshensel

    The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Many adults with depressive symptoms do not recognize their problem or seek mental health services. Depressive symptoms significantly increase problem recognition, but barriers and self-reliance hinder treatment access.

    Area of Science:

    • Mental Health Services Research
    • Epidemiology
    • Psychiatry

    Background:

    • Depressive symptoms are prevalent in community samples.
    • Understanding factors influencing problem recognition and service utilization is crucial for public health.
    • The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale is a key measure for assessing depressive symptoms.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine the influence of depressive symptoms and other factors on problem recognition.
    • To investigate factors affecting the utilization of mental health services among adults with depressive symptoms.
    • To identify barriers to seeking professional help for depression.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of a 1979 community sample of 1000 adults in Los Angeles County.

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  • Utilized the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale to measure depressive symptoms.
  • Employed statistical analysis to control for demographic and other relevant factors.

    • Main Results:

    • Depressive symptoms were the strongest predictor of problem recognition.
    • Female sex and higher education levels also enhanced recognition and differentiation of depressive problems.
    • Only one-third of individuals with high depressive symptoms consulted mental health services; barriers and self-reliance were noted among the untreated.

    Conclusions:

    • Depressive symptoms significantly impact problem recognition, but misattribution is common.
    • While depressive symptoms and social support encourage mental health service use, practical barriers and attitudes impede access.
    • Interventions should address both symptom recognition and practical/attitudinal barriers to care.