[Scintigraphic semeiotics of the polycystic kidney]

Altogether 78 patients aged 12 to 62 with polycystic kidney disease were examined. Of these, 36 were examined while primary diagnosis was established; 42 patients were observed during treatment. Renoscintigraphy with 131I-hippuran and 99mTc-DTPA angionephroscintigraphy with 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid, 99 Tc-tin-gluconate, 99mTc-cyton and nephroscintigraphy with 107Hg-neohydrine were used. Renoscintigraphy was used to evaluate renal excretory function. It was computerized, 20-25 sequences with 1 min. exposure. Angionephroscintigraphy consisted of 3 stages: (1) indirect radionuclide angioscintigraphy of the kidneys to evaluate the renal blood flow; (2) nephroscintigraphy to evaluate the anatomotopographic condition of the kidneys and the amount of the functioning parenchyma; (3) nephroscintigraphy using a Pinkhol collimator to specify the anatomotopographic condition of the kidneys. Based on angionephroscintigraphy 3 degrees of renal lesion were singled out: mild (43.2% of the cases), moderate (24.3%) and severe (32.5%). In renoscintigraphy moderately expressed unilateral changes prevailed in 49.4% of the cases, pronounced unilateral changes in 8.6%, moderate bilateral changes in 31.3% and demonstrable bilateral changes in 6.5%. In 4.2% of the cases no changes were found on the computerized renograms. The diagnostic value of reno- and angionephroscintigraphy in polycystic kidney disease was 92.6%. The study has shown a high efficacy of radionuclide methods in the evaluation of the process over time, therapeutic results and the elucidation of the familial nature of the disease.