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Aortic saddle embolus. A twenty-year experience.

R W Busuttil, G Keehn, J Milliken

    Annals of Surgery
    |June 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Aortic saddle embolus (ASE) treatment is successful with high-dose heparin, embolectomy without preoperative angiography, and long-term anticoagulation. Early intervention within 6 hours did not significantly impact outcomes in this study.

    Area of Science:

    • Vascular Surgery
    • Cardiology
    • Thromboembolic Disease

    Background:

    • Aortic saddle embolus (ASE) is a rare condition affecting the aortic bifurcation.
    • Clinical experience with ASE is limited due to its infrequent occurrence.
    • Patients often present with bilateral lower extremity ischemia.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review clinical experience with ASE.
    • To identify diagnostic, anticoagulation, and operative features impacting treatment outcomes.
    • To evaluate the role of preoperative angiography and timing of surgery.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of 26 patients treated for ASE between 1962-1982.
    • Analysis of patient demographics, symptoms, diagnostic methods, surgical approaches, and outcomes.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of anticoagulation strategies, including heparin and Coumadin.
  • Main Results:

    • 96% of emboli were cardiac in origin; 1/3 occurred in patients with prior chronic ischemia.
    • Symptoms manifested >6 hours post-embolization, unlike distal emboli.
    • Surgery timing (<6 hours vs. >6 hours) did not significantly affect outcomes.
    • High-dose heparinization and long-term anticoagulation were associated with positive results.
    • Fogarty catheter embolectomy had a 14% mortality; direct aortic approach had 0% mortality.
    • Re-embolization occurred in 27% of patients, often linked to inadequate anticoagulation.

    Conclusions:

    • Successful ASE treatment relies on perioperative high-dose heparin, embolectomy without preoperative angiography, and long-term oral anticoagulation.
    • Early intervention within 6 hours is not a critical factor for ASE outcomes.
    • Maintaining adequate anticoagulation post-discharge is crucial to prevent re-embolization.