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Scanning electron microscopy of Dalkon Shield tails
Fertility and Sterility
|September 1, 1983
Summary
Microbes and debris were found in Dalkon Shield tails from asymptomatic patients, suggesting a pathway for infection. Bacterial flora thrive within the tail, potentially leading to serious gynecological infections.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Gynecology
- Medical Device Analysis
Background:
- The Dalkon Shield intrauterine device (IUD) has been associated with pelvic inflammatory disease.
- The multifilament tail of the Dalkon Shield may provide a unique environment for microbial colonization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the presence and distribution of microbes within the Dalkon Shield tail.
- To explore potential mechanisms of microbial transport into the uterine and vaginal environments via the IUD tail.
Main Methods:
- Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine Dalkon Shield tails.
- Tails were obtained from asymptomatic patients.
Main Results:
- SEM revealed a diverse range of microbes and debris along the entire length of the Dalkon Shield tails.
- Microbial presence was observed even in undamaged portions of the tail, beyond the double knot.
- Evidence suggests capillary action can draw microorganisms into the tail from both uterine and vaginal environments.
Conclusions:
- The Dalkon Shield tail can harbor microbial flora, even in asymptomatic individuals.
- Microbial transport via capillary action within the tail presents an alternative route for infection.
- These findings highlight a potential mechanism by which IUDs could contribute to gynecological infections.