Chemical and hematologic changes in stored CPDA-1 blood

Area of Science:

• Transfusion Medicine
• Clinical Chemistry
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Blood banking relies on preserving blood products for safe transfusion.
• Understanding biochemical changes during blood storage is crucial for maintaining product quality.
• Citrate-phosphate-dextrose adenine (CPDA-1) is a common anticoagulant used in blood collection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the biochemical and hematological stability of whole blood stored in CPDA-1 anticoagulant.
• To quantify changes in key analytes over a 35-day storage period at 4°C.
• To compare storage-related changes with those observed in other anticoagulant solutions.

Main Methods:

• Ten healthy donor blood samples were collected in CPDA-1 anticoagulant.
• Samples were stored at 4°C for up to 35 days.
• Serial measurements of plasma glucose, electrolytes, enzymes (LDH), hemoglobin, pH, lactate, and ammonia were performed.

Main Results:

• Significant changes observed in glucose, potassium, bicarbonate, lactate, LDH, ammonia, and hemoglobin levels.
• Plasma glucose and bicarbonate decreased, while potassium, lactate, LDH, ammonia, and hemoglobin increased during storage.
• Changes were comparable to those seen with older anticoagulant formulations like ACD and CPD.

Conclusions:

• Blood stored in CPDA-1 undergoes predictable biochemical alterations over 35 days.
• These changes, particularly in potassium, lactate, and hemoglobin, have implications for transfusion safety and efficacy.
• CPDA-1 demonstrates acceptable stability for short-term blood storage, consistent with established practices.