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"Pseudo" renal failure after isopropyl alcohol intoxication
Southern Medical Journal
|May 1, 1982
Summary
Isopropyl alcohol intoxication can cause false kidney test results due to acetone. This case highlights "pseudo" renal failure in isopropyl alcohol poisoning, distinct from metabolic acidosis.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Clinical Chemistry
Background:
- Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) is a common disinfectant and solvent.
- IPA intoxication can present with varied clinical and laboratory findings.
Observation:
- A patient presented with symptoms of isopropyl alcohol intoxication.
- The patient exhibited normoglycemia (normal blood sugar) and ketonuria (ketones in urine) without metabolic acidosis.
- Serum creatinine levels were spuriously elevated.
Findings:
- The elevated creatinine was attributed to high acetone levels, a metabolite of isopropyl alcohol.
- The positive ketone test resulted from acetone, not ketoacids, differentiating it from diabetic ketoacidosis.
- This represents the first documented case of "pseudo" renal failure in isopropyl alcohol ingestion.
Implications:
- Clinicians should consider isopropyl alcohol intoxication in cases of unexplained ketonuria and elevated creatinine.
- Acetone's interference with creatinine assays can mimic renal impairment.
- Accurate diagnosis requires awareness of these specific laboratory abnormalities in IPA poisoning.
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