Splenic abscess--presentation, diagnosis, and treatment

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Abdominal Imaging
• Surgical Pathology

Background:

• Splenic abscess is an uncommon clinical presentation.
• Patients typically present with fever, leukocytosis, and left upper quadrant pain, often indicative of sepsis.
• Predisposing factors include distant bacteremia or compromised splenic function.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the diagnosis and management of splenic abscess.
• To highlight the impact of modern imaging on early detection.
• To underscore the importance of addressing underlying predisposing conditions.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of 11 cases of splenic abscess treated over 30 years.
• Analysis of diagnostic methods, including imaging modalities.
• Evaluation of treatment outcomes and prognostic factors.

Main Results:

• Diagnosis has significantly improved with splenic scintiscans, ultrasonography, and CT.
• These imaging techniques provide earlier and more objective evidence of splenic abscess.
• Splenectomy effectively manages local infection, but overall prognosis depends on the predisposing factors.

Conclusions:

• Modern imaging has revolutionized the early diagnosis of splenic abscess.
• Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improved patient outcomes.
• Addressing the underlying causes of splenic infection is essential for long-term management.