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Lung function studies in children with allergic rhinitis

E Svenonius, M Arborelius, R Kautto

    Allergy
    |February 1, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Children with allergic rhinitis show a tendency towards subclinical bronchospasm after exercise, even in pollen-free seasons. This finding, related to functional residual capacity (FRC), is not clinically significant.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Pulmonology
    • Allergy and Immunology
    • Respiratory Physiology

    Background:

    • Seasonal allergic rhinitis affects children, with potential subclinical respiratory impacts.
    • Previous research indicates possible airway hyperresponsiveness in allergic individuals.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate lung function changes in children with seasonal allergic rhinitis during pollen and pollen-free seasons.
    • To assess for subclinical bronchospasm, particularly after exercise, in these children.

    Main Methods:

    • Clinical examination and pulmonary function tests (including FRC and lung clearance index) were performed.
    • Exercise challenge tests were conducted in the pollen-free season.
    • Salbutamol inhalation was administered post-exercise to evaluate bronchospasm.

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    Main Results:

    • During the pollen season, a slight increase in functional residual capacity (FRC) and a decrease in lung clearance index were observed.
    • Exercise tests revealed a small increase in the volume of trapped gas (VTG), suggesting subclinical small airway spasm.
    • Salbutamol effectively reduced VTG, confirming the presence of reversible bronchospasm.

    Conclusions:

    • Children with seasonal allergic rhinitis exhibit a tendency towards exercise-induced subclinical bronchospasm, even outside the pollen season.
    • This exercise-induced bronchospasm is of minimal clinical significance as lung function remains within normal or better-than-predicted limits.