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Total and free testosterone during pregnancy

B L Bammann, C B Coulam, N S Jiang

    American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    |June 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Pregnancy increases total testosterone, but free testosterone levels remain stable until week 28. After this point, elevated free testosterone suggests increased production, possibly from the fetus.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Endocrinology
    • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    • Hormone Physiology

    Background:

    • Plasma testosterone levels change during pregnancy.
    • The contribution of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) versus de novo testosterone production to these changes is not fully understood.
    • Accurate measurement of free testosterone is crucial for understanding hormonal dynamics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate whether increased total testosterone during pregnancy is solely due to changes in SHBG or reflects increased testosterone production.
    • To determine the temporal relationship between changes in total and free testosterone levels throughout gestation.
    • To elucidate the mechanisms driving testosterone level alterations in pregnant individuals.

    Main Methods:

    • Longitudinal measurement of total and free testosterone levels throughout pregnancy.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of pregnant women's testosterone levels with those of nonpregnant women.
  • Utilized equilibrium dialysis for precise determination of free testosterone concentrations.

    • Main Results:

    • Total testosterone levels significantly increased during pregnancy.
    • Free testosterone levels remained within the nonpregnant range until week 28 of gestation.
    • A significant elevation in free testosterone was observed after week 28.
    • Pre-week 28 increase in total testosterone is attributed to decreased metabolic clearance rate.
    • Post-week 28 increase in total testosterone is linked to elevated production rate.

    Conclusions:

    • The rise in total testosterone during pregnancy is not solely explained by SHBG changes.
    • After 28 weeks of gestation, increased testosterone production contributes to elevated total testosterone levels.
    • The source of increased testosterone production in late pregnancy remains unidentified, with fetal origin being a possibility.