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Chest wall shape during forced expiratory maneuvers

C G Melissinos, M Goldman, E Bruce

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |January 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Abdominothoracic shape changes during breathing influence lung emptying. Early paradoxical lower rib cage motion may cause preferential upper lobe emptying in forced vital capacity maneuvers.

    Area of Science:

    • Respiratory physiology
    • Biomechanics of breathing

    Background:

    • Understanding chest wall mechanics is crucial for respiratory physiology.
    • Abdominothoracic shape changes during breathing impact lung volume dynamics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate abdominothoracic shape alterations during forced vital capacity (FVC) maneuvers.
    • To explore the relationship between rib cage deformation and lung emptying patterns.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized magnetometers to measure anteroposterior diameters (manubrium, xiphoid, epigastrium) and lateral rib cage diameter.
    • Monitored vertical rib cage motion and thoracic cross-sectional area changes at the xiphoid level.
    • Compared shape changes during forced vital capacity, Valsalva, and abdominal expiratory maneuvers.

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    Main Results:

    • Thoracic cross-sectional area change lagged behind lung volume change during FVC.
    • Observed an early paradoxical increase or lack of change in the lower anteroposterior rib cage diameter.
    • Lower rib cage deformation appears influenced by diaphragmatic activity and abdominal shape, not solely rib cage muscles.

    Conclusions:

    • Abdominothoracic shape changes, particularly lower rib cage deformation, offer a mechanism for differential lung emptying during FVC.
    • These findings suggest a role for diaphragmatic and abdominal influences on lower rib cage mechanics during forceful exhalation.