Intrachiasmatic arteriovenous malformation. Case report

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Neurology
• Vascular Surgery

Background:

• Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal tangles of blood vessels that can occur in the brain.
• Intrachiasmatic AVMs, located within the optic chiasm, are rare and can present with significant visual disturbances.

Observation:

• A patient experienced a sudden, unilateral decrease in visual acuity.
• The patient also presented with a bitemporal hemianopsia, indicating a loss of peripheral vision in both eyes.

Findings:

• Surgical exploration revealed a completely intrachiasmatic arteriovenous malformation.
• The AVM was successfully excised during the surgical procedure.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of considering vascular malformations in the differential diagnosis of sudden visual deficits.
• Complete resection of intrachiasmatic AVMs can lead to the resolution of associated visual field defects and acuity loss.
• Surgical management of such lesions requires precise neurosurgical techniques to preserve visual function.