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Thyroid status in chronic alcoholics

S K Majumdar, G K Shaw, A D Thomson

    Drug and Alcohol Dependence
    |February 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Chronic alcoholics often exhibit low thyroid hormone levels, specifically thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These levels normalize after abstinence and nutritional support, suggesting an ethanol-induced effect.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Nutritional Science
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Chronic alcohol consumption can significantly impact metabolic and endocrine functions.
    • Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating metabolism.
    • Previous studies suggest a link between alcohol intake and altered thyroid hormone profiles.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate serum levels of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyrotrophin (TSH) in chronic alcoholics.
    • To determine the effect of abstinence and nutritional support on these thyroid hormone levels.
    • To explore the potential for an ethanol-induced "low T3 syndrome".

    Main Methods:

    • Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was used to measure serum T4, T3, and TSH levels.
    • 39 chronic alcoholics were assessed upon admission.

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  • Hormone levels were re-evaluated after one week of abstinence with a supplemented diet.

    • Main Results:

    • Reduced serum T4 was observed in 2 patients, and low serum T3 in 8 patients.
    • Basal TSH levels remained normal in all 39 patients.
    • Thyroid hormone levels (T4 and T3) normalized after one week of abstinence and nutritional intervention.

    Conclusions:

    • Chronic alcoholics are more commonly in a normo- or hypometabolic state rather than hyperthyroid.
    • Ethanol consumption may lead to an "low T3 syndrome" with a suggested pathogenic mechanism.
    • Abstinence and nutritional support can reverse alcohol-induced alterations in thyroid hormone levels.