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Collateral ventilation in excised human lungs

N Berend, C Skoog, W M Thurlbeck

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |May 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Lung function analysis reveals that older lungs and those with emphysema show increased airway closure and collateral ventilation. This suggests age and emphysema impact lung mechanics and air distribution.

    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Physiology
    • Respiratory Mechanics
    • Lung Imaging and Function Testing

    Background:

    • Pressure-volume (PV) curves and single-breath nitrogen (SBN) washout are key methods for assessing lung function.
    • Understanding lung mechanics, particularly airway closure and collateral ventilation, is crucial for diagnosing respiratory diseases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between lung volume measurements from PV curves and SBN traces.
    • To explore the influence of age and emphysema on airway closure and collateral ventilation.

    Main Methods:

    • Acquired PV curves and SBN washout traces from 32 excised human lungs.
    • Compared volumes at SBN phase IV onset (V phase IV) and PV curve inflection points (VIP).
    • Correlated the difference (V phase IV - VIP) with lung age and emphysema grade.

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    Main Results:

    • V phase IV was significantly larger than VIP across all lungs.
    • The difference (V phase IV - VIP) positively correlated with increasing age and emphysema grade.
    • An increasing incidence of absent sigmoid deviation in PV curves was observed with age and emphysema.

    Conclusions:

    • The difference between V phase IV and VIP likely reflects collateral ventilation, which increases with age and emphysema.
    • Age and emphysema severity are associated with altered lung mechanics, including increased airway closure and collateral ventilation.
    • These findings enhance our understanding of age- and disease-related changes in human lung function.