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Related Experiment Videos

Immune response in overnutrition

R K Chandra

    Cancer Research
    |September 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Obesity and nutritional deficiencies impair immune responses, particularly cell-mediated immunity and bacterial killing. Micronutrient therapy, specifically iron and zinc, can improve these immune functions in obese individuals.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Nutrition Science
    • Metabolic Health

    Background:

    • Nutritional status significantly impacts immune system function, affecting both deficiency and excess states like obesity.
    • Obesity is increasingly recognized as a condition associated with immune dysregulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of obesity on cell-mediated immune responses and intracellular bacterial killing.
    • To explore the correlation between immunological changes and micronutrient deficiencies (iron, zinc) in obese individuals.
    • To assess the impact of micronutrient supplementation on immune function in obese subjects.

    Main Methods:

    • Evaluation of in vivo and in vitro cell-mediated immune responses in obese adolescents and adults.
    • Assessment of intracellular bacterial killing by polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

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  • Analysis of immunological changes in genetically obese mice, including cell counts, antibody responses, and natural killer cell activity.
  • Administration of iron and zinc micronutrient therapy for 4 weeks to obese individuals.

    • Main Results:

    • Obese individuals exhibited impaired cell-mediated immunity and reduced bacterial killing capacity.
    • Immunological deficits correlated with subclinical deficiencies in iron and zinc.
    • Micronutrient therapy led to improved immune responses in obese subjects.
    • Genetically obese mice showed reduced thymus and spleen lymphocytes, diminished antibody response, but increased natural killer cell activity.
    • In vivo cytotoxic T cell response was lower in obese mice, while in vitro response remained normal.

    Conclusions:

    • Metabolic and nutritional factors play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of altered immunocompetence associated with obesity.
    • Subclinical micronutrient deficiencies contribute to immune dysfunction in obesity.
    • Targeted micronutrient supplementation can ameliorate some immune deficits in obese populations.