Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 16, 2026

A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Published on: February 21, 2011
Abstract:
EMG data from the musculus palatoglossus and the m. levator veli palatini as well as velograph recordings of velic movement in the production of plosives in German are discussed. The results point to the articulation of lenis plosives being controlled by a slower raising and a faster lowering of the velum than in the case of fortis plosives, within a fairly constant time frame for the complete movement. A simple neural programme is postulated consisting of a control for the macro-timing and for two movement patterns within it.
Related Concept Videos
Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control
Consider the example of control of motor torque. Initially, a positive...
Frequency-Domain Interpretation of PD Control
The proportional control gain, combined with the system's...
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of PI Control
Acting as a low-pass filter, the PI controller slows the system's response and extends settling times. This requires careful...
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any finite,...
Deglutition
Swallowing can be divided into three stages: the voluntary phase, the pharyngeal phase, and the esophageal phase. Although the...

