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Refractive changes in children under general anesthesia

R A Saunders, C J Andrews

    Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
    |November 1, 1981
    PubMed
    Summary
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    General anesthesia can induce a myopic shift in pediatric patients, varying from 0.25 to 5.50 diopters. This refractive change, observed during intraoperative refraction, may not solely stem from central accommodative mechanisms.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Anesthesiology
    • Pediatric Medicine

    Background:

    • Refractive errors in pediatric patients require accurate assessment.
    • Anesthesia can potentially influence ocular parameters and visual function.
    • Understanding intraoperative refractive changes is crucial for patient care.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the effect of general anesthesia on pediatric refractive error.
    • To compare intraoperative refraction with preoperative cycloplegic refraction in children.
    • To investigate the potential mechanisms behind anesthesia-induced refractive shifts.

    Main Methods:

    • Twenty-five pediatric patients underwent refraction under halothane anesthesia without cycloplegic agents.
    • Intraoperative refractions were compared to preoperative cycloplegic refractions.

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  • Analysis focused on the magnitude and symmetry of myopic shifts.

    • Main Results:

    • A variable myopic shift, ranging from 0.25 to 5.50 diopters, was observed in pediatric patients under general anesthesia.
    • Significant asymmetry in myopic shift between fellow eyes was noted in several patients.
    • The findings suggest that factors beyond central accommodation may contribute to these refractive changes.

    Conclusions:

    • General anesthesia can induce significant myopic shifts in pediatric patients.
    • The observed refractive changes exhibit variability and potential asymmetry between eyes.
    • These findings challenge the sole responsibility of central accommodative mechanisms and warrant further investigation into anesthetic effects on ocular refraction.