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[Toxicological characteristics of mold isolated from corn silage]
Abstract:
Tested for toxicity were a total of 48 strains of pure cultures of the fungi: Aspergillus flavus, As. fumigatus, Penicillium, F. moniliforme, F. graminearum, Tr. lignorum. The methods of dermal tests, chick embryos, and feeding of young birds were employed. It was found that through dermal tests ten strains of the following species proved toxic: As. fumigatus, As. flavus, F. moniliforme, F. garminearum, and Trichoderma lignorum. Toxic for chick embryos were 13 strains of the same species. When young chickens were fed moulded silage toxic proved As. flavus and F. moniliforme. Chick embryos showed highest sensitivity to mycotoxins. The toxicity of the investigated strains varied depending on the methods employed, however, it was manifested to a different extent with all three methods.
Insights
Toxicity of fungi strains was assessed using dermal tests, chick embryos, and bird feeding. Chick embryos were most sensitive to mycotoxins, with toxicity varying by fungal species and testing method.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Toxicology
- Food Safety
Background:
- Fungal contamination of food and feed poses a significant health risk due to mycotoxin production.
- Understanding the differential toxicity of various fungal strains is crucial for risk assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the toxicity of 48 fungal strains from six species using multiple testing methods.
- To compare the sensitivity of different toxicity assessment methods.
Main Methods:
- Dermal toxicity tests on animal models.
- In ovo toxicity assessment using chick embryos.
- Oral toxicity tests by feeding molded silage to young birds.
Main Results:
- Ten strains showed toxicity via dermal tests; 13 were toxic to chick embryos.
- Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium moniliforme were toxic when fed to chickens.
- Chick embryos exhibited the highest sensitivity to mycotoxins among the methods used.
Conclusions:
- Fungal toxicity varies significantly depending on the species and the assessment method employed.
- Chick embryo assay is a highly sensitive method for detecting mycotoxin toxicity.
- Comprehensive toxicity evaluation requires employing multiple testing methodologies.