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Oxygen lowers intraocular pressure

P F Gallin-Cohen, S M Podos, M E Yablonski

    Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Increased atmospheric pressure and 100% oxygen significantly decrease intraocular pressure in patients and rabbits. These findings suggest oxygen concentration may be a key factor in reducing intraocular pressure.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Physiology
    • Hyperbaric Medicine

    Background:

    • Intraocular pressure (IOP) regulation is crucial for ocular health.
    • The effects of hyperbaric conditions and high oxygen concentrations on IOP require further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of increased atmospheric pressure and 100% oxygen administration on intraocular pressure.
    • To explore the physiological mechanisms underlying IOP changes under hyperbaric and hyperoxic conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Human subjects (14 patients) and rabbits (20) were exposed to hyperbaric conditions and/or 100% oxygen.
    • Intraocular pressure, scleral rigidity, outflow facility, and keratometry were measured.
    • Arterial blood gases were analyzed in rabbits.

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    Main Results:

    • Hyperbaric conditions significantly decreased IOP in patients.
    • 100% oxygen administration also significantly decreased IOP in patients and rabbits.
    • Scleral rigidity increased, and outflow facility decreased under hyperbaric conditions; keratometry remained unchanged.
    • Elevated partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) was observed in rabbits, while pH and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) remained stable.

    Conclusions:

    • Both increased atmospheric pressure and high concentrations of oxygen can effectively reduce intraocular pressure.
    • Increased oxygen concentration is likely responsible for the observed IOP reduction and physiological changes.
    • These findings have potential implications for managing conditions involving elevated intraocular pressure.