[Cross allergies following sensitization with dinitrochlorbenzol (DNCB)]

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Dermatology
• Allergology

Background:

• Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) immunotherapy is a treatment for malignant melanoma and other skin diseases.
• Assessing the long-term effects and potential cross-allergies of DNCB sensitization is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the persistence of DNCB sensitization and investigate potential cross-allergies with related compounds.
• To assess the safety and efficacy of DNCB immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

• Epicutaneous patch tests were performed on 82 patients previously sensitized to DNCB.
• Patients were re-exposed to DNCB, chloramphenicol, and four other p-nitrocompounds 6-15 months after initial sensitization.
• DNCB sensitization threshold and cross-reactivity were analyzed.

Main Results:

• The DNCB sensitization threshold remained unchanged in most patients.
• No cross-allergy was observed with chloramphenicol.
• Two patients developed sensitization to picric acid, suggesting a possible group allergy.

Conclusions:

• DNCB immunotherapy demonstrates a low rate of group sensitization and is generally safe.
• Topical DNCB treatment at threshold concentrations does not cause toxic effects, scarring, or generalized eczema.
• The study supports the continued use of DNCB immunotherapy with careful monitoring for rare group allergies.