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[Morphological and enzymatic changes in chicks treated with antibiotics]

A Veselinova, I Ionova

    Veterinarno-Meditsinski Nauki
    |January 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Antibiotic use in chickens caused liver, kidney, and muscle damage, with bacitrazin, gallimycin, chlornitromycin, and streptomycin showing greater effects. These findings confirm antibiotic-induced changes in poultry health.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Pathology
    • Animal Biochemistry
    • Pharmacology

    Context:

    • Antibiotics are widely used in poultry farming for growth promotion and disease prevention.
    • The long-term effects of various antibiotics on the health of chickens are not fully understood.
    • Investigating subclinical effects is crucial for animal welfare and food safety.

    Purpose:

    • To pathomorphologically and histochemically investigate the effects of eight common antibiotics on chicken organs.
    • To compare the severity of induced morphological and enzyme changes among different antibiotic treatments.
    • To establish a causal link between prophylactic antibiotic doses and observed physiological alterations.

    Summary:

    • Fifty-four chickens were experimentally treated with bacitrazin, gallimycin, oleandomycin, tetracyclin, tylan, chlornitromycin, streptomycin, and penicillin, alongside 10 controls.
    • Pathomorphological and histochemical analyses revealed parenchymal dystrophy in liver and kidney cells, and necrotic foci in muscles.
    • Reduced succinate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and esterase activity were observed, with bacitrazin, gallimycin, chlornitromycin, and streptomycin causing more pronounced changes.

    Impact:

    • Demonstrates that prophylactic antibiotic doses induce significant morphological and enzyme changes in chicken liver, kidney, and skeletal muscles.
    • Highlights differential toxicity among commonly used poultry antibiotics, identifying those with greater adverse effects.
    • Provides evidence for the detrimental impact of antibiotic administration on poultry physiology, informing safer usage practices.

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